Transferrin Saturation

The Transferrin Saturation is also known as the Iron Saturation test. Together with the serum iron, TIBC and UIBC can be used to accurately assess iron absorption and utilization. 

Transferrin Saturation Testing

Transferrin saturation (iron saturation) is a laboratory test that measures the percentage of transferrin that is saturated or filled with iron. 

The transferrin saturation is calculated by multiplying serum iron by 100 and dividing the results by the TIBC. If the results are >50%, the transport proteins are saturated with iron, indicating iron overload. If the results are <15%, there is more space on the transferrin than iron, so there is low saturation. This suggests a need for more iron. 

Transferrin Saturation in Pregnancy

​Transferrin saturation tends to decrease slightly during pregnancy. Pregnancy leads to an expansion of blood volume to supply the growing placenta and fetus. While the total amount of iron in the body increases, the concentration of iron in the blood (serum iron) may not rise proportionally, leading to a lower transferrin saturation. 

​In the immediate postpartum period, there is often a transient rise in transferrin saturation, as blood volume decreases and concentrates following childbirth. Blood loss during childbirth, individual ferritin levels before giving birth, and the occurrence of postpartum anemia all contribute to the overall iron status.

High Transferrin Saturation in Pregnancy

High Transferrin Saturation is a marker of iron overload. 

Most Common Causes of High Transferrin Saturation in Pregnancy

• Iron Overload/Hemochromatosis
• Low Protein Diet
• Liver Disease/Inflammation
• Hemolysis
• Thalassemia
• Genetics

Low Transferrin Saturation in Pregnancy

A decreased transferrin saturation, especially when the TIBC is normal or increased, correlates with other indicators of iron deficiency in pregnancy. It can also indicate iron deficiency in patients with a normal ferritin concentration in whom iron deficiency is suspected on a clinical or statistical basis.

Normal pregnancies through the first and second trimesters have an average transferrin saturation between 19 and 27 values. 

Most Common Causes of Low Transferrin Saturation in Pregnancy

• Nutritional Deficiencies (iron, vitamin C, copper, zinc, vitamin A)
• High Phytate Diet
• IBD Conditions (Crohn's, Celiac Disease, Ulcerative Colitis)
• Hypothyroidism

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Medical Disclaimer:
This content is for educational purposes only and is intended for licensed medical professionals. It is based on current research, subject to change, and not intended to diagnose, treat, or prevent any medical condition. This information does not replace consultation with a qualified healthcare provider. Seek professional medical evaluation and treatment from a licensed provider. Use of this information is at your own risk.​

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